Manusia dan Pembentukan Akhlak dalam Pemikiran Ibn Miskawayh: Perspektif Filsafat Pendidikan Islam

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the concept of humanity in the thought of Ibn Miskawayh and its relevance to the formation of moral character in contemporary Islamic educational philosophy. The background of this study is rooted in the moral crisis within modern education, which tends to emphasize cognitive aspects while neglecting character development. The study employs a qualitative approach using library research. Data were obtained from Ibn Miskawayh’s major work, *Tahdzib al-Akhlak wa Tathhir al-A‘raq*, as well as various supporting literature, including relevant books and scholarly articles. Data analysis employed content analysis through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results indicate that, according to Ibn Miskawayh, humans are rational and moral beings possessing the potential for rational, emotional, and sensual aspects of the soul, which must be balanced through moral education. Character formation is achieved through habit formation, self-control, and the development of moral virtues. These findings affirm that Ibn Miskawayh’s thought is relevant as a philosophical foundation for the development of Islamic education oriented toward intellectual, moral, and spiritual balance.